Process of and apparatus for waving hair



April 23, 1929. s. c. HEADINGTON PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR WAVI'NGHAIR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 14, 1927 April 23, 1929. s. c.HEADINGTON a PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR Filed Dec. 14,1927 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR I u I I I I u u I u r u I r l u u I u p I Ia A TTORNE Y.

Patented Apr. 23, l929.

ana

s "FEEC;

snsenna soonesr :ananrnerornor nnw YORK, it. Y.

rnocnss or AND Aryan inns son wavrne HAIR.

Application filed December 14, 1927. Serial No. 239,881. 1

In the/practice of my invention as set forth herein for the productionof a permanent Wave, the hair is given a wave like form and is stretchedto adegree necessary to accomplish sucli elongation of the cells thereofas will contribute to the permanent effect of the wave but withoutbreakim the hairthe hair being heated between pads saturated with asuitable chemical reagent, while held in such stretched and 'wavelil eform.

I accomplish the foregoing object and other and more limited objectswhich will appear hereinafter in and through the construction andarrangement of parts shown in the drawings, wherein Fig. 1 represents aperspective view of my hair-waving device, showing the parts in thepositions which theyoccupy when the said device is closed; Fig. 2 a'viewin perspective of the absorbent pads which are used with the said device3 a perspective view of the heater assembly; Fig. i a sectional viewthrough the device shown in Fig. 1, the parts being shown in full linesin their closed positions and illustrating the manner in which the hairclamped bet-ween the wave-forming members of the device, the cover beingshown in broken lines in its open position; Fig. 5 a plan view-of thelower member or base of my said device; and Fig. 6 a transversesectional view eerrespending to the line 6 6 of F a.

The hair-waving device shown herein con sists' generally of a base Ahaving a handle A" and a cover B having a handle BC The base and coverare shown each in the form of a pan rectangular'in outline and areadapted to be connected at their-rear meetingedgcs by means of upwardlyprojecting spring hooks 1, located at each side of the back of the base,the upper ends ofwhich hooks are adapted to engage hooks 2' riveted .orother-j wise suitably secured to the back of the cover 13. The upperedge of the base A'is 'pro- 1 vided with a peripheral flange AP-jandthc'bottom edge of the cover B is provided with a similar peripheral flangeB The base A contains the electrical heating elementswhlch are employedfor heating the hair while it is clamped in wave-like formation betweenthe base and thecover aswell as one of the forms by which the hair isgiven 1tswave-like format tion and clamped in such formation. The

heating elements are carried entirely'by the base and comprise part ofthe assembly shown more particularly in Figs. (Sand 4. vThis assemblycomprises a resistance 3 which is providedwith a suitable protectingcover 4. The resistance and itsycover are bent so as to provide anupper'series of heaterelements 5, 5 located above :the base A and alower series of heating elementsfi, 6? and 6' located within'the' base.The, elements 6 and 6 are staggered with respect to the elements 5, 5,the elements 6 being located beyond the two outermost elements 5 andadjacentto the ends of the base, while the two elements 6 are located onoppositev sides of and belowthe in,-

termediate element r5f 'and between such element and the end elements 5The-element 6" is shown aswlocated below the middle element 5. lVhilethreeelements 5 5 are shownv in the upper series'and five elements 6, 6and 6 are shown 1n the lowerseries, this number may be increased ordiminishedas desired,

without departing from the spirit, ofmy iin" vention. i 1

Movably-mounted in tho base A-is acombined shield and wavedormer,indicated generallyv at C. This wave-former-is of such width and lengthas to be received within the base A, having end flanges C fitting withinthe ends ofthesaid base. It is corrugated,

thereby providing-a plurality of wave-fornirugations being indicated at7 and the downwardly extending corrugations be ng indicated at 8 and thebottoms of said corruga .tlons being approximately in the plane ofthetop of the base, the ends being bent downing members, theupwardly(3XtG11Cli11gI-C01'-' wardly at 8 to form semi-corrugations. 'x Thecorrugations 7 provide shields for the heating elementstitii, while thecorrugations and semi-corrugations 8, Sflare located above thehcating'elements 6 and 6?. i The corrugations are providedwith slots (1in the sides thereof. The cover B has secured therewithina comprisingupwardly extending corrugabers; The wave-former D isfalso-providedwave-former, indicated generally at- D and corrugations 7,. 8 and 8respectively, the said corrugations providing wavesformlng' menu-- withslots 1) in the: sides thereof corresponding to; the slots-(3 in thewave-former C.

- The cover is so shaped that, when my device base. A by any suitableform of connector,

such as E. I

In practicing my inventlon'for the production of a permanent wave,itisnecessary that the hair should be subjected to the action of asuitable chemical reagentwhile it is being held to shape and subjectedto heat, For this purpose, absorbent fabric pads are used, which padsare saturated with the said reagent, the hair lying between the padsduring the treatment. I have found that, where pads are not pre-formedto correspond approximately to the curvature of the'corrugation's 7-10too muchfrictional drag is created in closing the parts A and B. To

obviate this objection, the pads, indicated at E and F, are pre-formedto approximately the curvature of the corrugations, the said padspreferably containing a reagent for the purpose specified, which reagentcan be dissolved by m'oistening the pads with water or other suitablesolvent at the time of use. The

pads having been saturated in the manner described, a sheet of asbestosG' is applied to the lower member C and the pad F is then applied tosaid member upon the asbestos sheet. A strand or lock ofhair indicatedat H is then drawn acrossthe pad F. The pad E is then applied to'thehair and to the pad F anda sheet of paper G is then placed over the padE and the cover B is applied to the base by" means of the books 1 and 2,after which the cover is closed, it being noted that the pads and sheetsare of a width to. enable their rearportions topass between said hooks.This closing o-peration resultsin clamping the rear edges of the pads Eand F, with the interposed hair,between the rear parts of the base andcover flanges A and B Through this closing action,'the hair will bestretched to an extent which will result in the desired elongation ofthe cells thereof in the direction of its length but,owing to thepro-forming of the pads and to the arrangement of the other cooperatingparts, the hair will not be stretched to such an extent as to result inbreaking the same. The parts being closed and thehandles being securedin closed position by means of the spring latch 11,the hair will beheated while confined between the moistened pads in its stretchedwave-like form. The construction and arrangement of the heating elementsand cooperating parts aresuch that the pads and hair will beproperly'heated, but without any danger of burning'the hair; and, at theend of the heating operation, the device may beopened up and the padsand hair removed, with the production of a wave of a high degree ofpermanency in the hair; After this operation, the

hair will be washed or shampooed, after which it may be set by use of mydevice in the manner hereinbefore described but without the pads andwithout the application of heat thereto. Y

When it is desired to use my device for treating or waving hair whichhas once been given a so-called permanent wave, it is neces sary thatthe part of the hair which has been so waved shall not be treated withthe chemical reagent used'for that purpose in the first instance. Insuch case, only the hair next to the scalp .and which hasnot beenpreviously so waved will be treated with the said chemical reagent. Toaccomplish this result, I may use pads ofa length corresponding to thelength of the unwaved hair and saturate these pads with the chemicalreagent, using other pads saturated with water or other liquid having nochemical reaction on the hair for the waving of the hair which has beenpreviously waved; or I may use a pair of continuous pads such as thepads E and F for the unwaved and the previously waved hair, in whichcase only so 'niuchof the pads as will be applied to "the unwavedhairwill be treated vwiththe chemical reagent while the balance of the pads(which are to operate upon the previously waved hair) will be moistenedwith such water or neutral liquid. With the parts prepared in thismanner, the

operation will be carried out as described imposed thereon by the stateof the prior art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is r I 1 1. The processofimparting awavy appearance to hairwhich 'consistsin stretching thehair between pads having a wave-like formation and moistened with asuitable rcagent, clamping the hair and the pads bepads inthe desiredwave-like form, and then heating the pads and the interposed hair.

' '2'.- The process of imparting a wavy appearance to hair whichconsists in placingthe hair between pads having a. wave lilre formationand moistened with suitable reagent, clamping the pads between membersarranged to stretch thehair without-breaking it and to hold it and thepads in the desired tween members whichhold the hair and the 7 wave-likeformation, and heating the pads and the interposed hair.

8. The process of imparting a wavy appearance to hair which consists inplacing the hair between pads having a wave-like formation and moistenedwith a suitable reagent, stretching the hair while holding it and thepads in the desired Wave-like formation, and heating the pads and theinterposed hair.

4. The process of imparting a wavy ap pearance to hair which consists inplacing the hair between pads having a wave-like formation and moistenedwith a suitable reagent, clamping'the pads and the interposed hairby'drawing the hair successively over and under members arranged tostretch therhair and to hold the same and the pads in such wave-likeformation, and drying the pads and the interposed hair. 7 r

The process of imparting a wavy appearance to hair which consists inplacing the hair between pads moistened with a suitable reagent,stretching the hair While holding it and the pads in the desiredwave-like formation, and drying the pads and the interposed hair. I

6. The process of waving hair, a portion of which has been previouslysubjected to a permanent waving operation, which process consists inplacing the portion of the hair adjacent the scalp and which was notprevi ously waved between absorbent pads moistened with a suitablehair-waving chemical reagent, placing the portion of the hair which hasbeen so previously waved between pads moistened with a liquid having nochemical action upon the hair, clamping the pads and the hair inwave-forming position, and heating the pads and the hair. I

7. The process of waving hair, a portion of which has been previously"subjected to a permanent waving operation, which process consists inplacing the portion of the hair adjacent the scalp and which was'notpreviously waved between portions ofabsorbent pads which are moistenedwith a suitable chemical reagent, placing the portion of the hair whichhas been so previously waved between other portions of said pads whichare moistenedwith a liquid having no chemical action upon the hair,clan'iping the pads and the hair in wave-forming position, and heata ingthe pads and the hair.

8. A, device for the purpose specified comprising a base, the said basehaving an upper spaced series of l'leating elements and a lower spacedseries o'f'heating element-s, elements in the lower series beingstaggered with respect to elements in the upper series, a wave- :tormerarranged above the said heating elements, a cover hingedly connectibleto the base, and a wave-former carried by the cover and cooperating withthe wave-former of the base.

9. A device for the purpose specified commembers carried by said baseand heated by said elements, awave-t'ormed pad cooperat ing with suchmembers, a cover detachably I and hingedly connected to the base,waveforming members carried by the cover and cooperating with the wave-forming members on the base, and a wave-formed pad cooperating withthe wave-forming members of the cover and with the first mentioned pad.

, 10. A device for the purpose specified comprising a base having anupper series of heat-- ingelements, a lower series of elements staggeredwith respect to heating elements in the upper series, shields fortheupper'series of heating elements, a wave-formed pad for the. shieldsand for the heating elements oi such upper series,-a cover, waveformingmembers staggered with respect to the said shields and carried by saidcover, and a wave-formed pad cooperating with the Wave-forming membersof the, cover and with the first mentioned pad. 11. A device for thepurpose specified comprising a base having a series of heating elements,shields for the said heating elements, a wave-formed pad for the shieldsand heating elements, a cover, wave-forming members staggered withrespect to the said shields and carried by said cover and'a wave-formedpad cooperating with the wave-forming members of the cover and with thefirst mentionedpad.

12; A device for the purpose specified comprising a base formed as anopen-top receptacle. a wave-former comprising upwardly and downwardlyextending corrugations and carried by said base, heating elements lo-'cated below andshielded by thetops of'said corrugations, a padpre-formed to approximately'the shape of the saidwave-fo'rmer, a

cover arranged to cooperate with said base 1 7 tacle, a wave-formercarried by said base and comprising upwardly and downwardly ex tendingcorrugations, the bottoms of the downwardly extending corrugations beingin substantially the plane of the topfof said base, heating elements insaid base below said wave former, a cover for said base, a wave-formercooperating with said cover and with the wave-former of said base, :andwave-formed I pads adapted to be inserted between the said waveformers.I A

14;. A device for the purpose specified comwavetormer cooperating withsaid cover and with the wave-former of said base.

15. A device for the purpose specified comprising anopen-top receptacle,a wave-torn or carried by said base and comprising upwardly anddownwardly extending corrugations, the bottoms of the downwardlyextending corrugations being in substantially the-plane of the. top ofsaid base, heating meanscomprising an upper series of heating elementsextending beneath and adjacent to the tops of the uppercorrugations andheating elements arranged below the bottoms of the downwardly extendingcorrugations, a cover for said base, and wave-forming members carried bysaid cover and adapted to cooperate with the wave former carried by saidbase.- v

16. A devicefor the purpose specified comprising abase, a wave tormercarried by said base and comprising alternating upwardly and downwardlyextending corrugations having openings in'the sides thereof, a heater insaid base, a'cover for said base, and a waveformer carried by said coverand comprising alternating upwardly and downwardly extendingcorrugations also provided with openings in their sides.

17. A device for the purpose specified comprising a base, a wave-formercarried by the base and comprising alternating upwardly and downwardlyextending corrugations, a continuous heater for said base formed intoaniupper and a lower series of heating elements extending transverselywith respect to said base, the upper heating elements being locatedadjacent to and below the tops of the upper corrugations respectivelyand the lower series of heatingelements being arranged in the lowerportion of said wave former, a cover for said base, and waveormingmembers carried by said ,cover and cooperating with thc'wave-tormingcorrugations on the said waveformer. V i r 18. A device forthe purposespecified comprising a'ba'se, an upper series oitheating elementssupported by said base, a lower seriesot heating elements supported bythe said base,

and a cover for said base having wave-forming members carried therebyand staggered. c

with respect to the upper heating elements of said base and adapted tobe projected below said elements by the movement or" the cover towardthe base. I c

19. A device for the purpose specified comprising a base and a. covereach having waveforming members, the members on the, cover and basebeing staggered, a wave-formed'pad for the wave-forming membersof thebase, a wave-formed pad adapted to be engaged by the wave-formingmembers of the cover, spaced hinged connections between the rear ends ofthe base and cover permitting the insertion of the rear ends of thepads. therebetween, the rear ends oi. the base and cover having meansfor engaging the portions of the pads therebetween as the cover isclosedtoward the base, and means in said device for heating said pads and thehair interposed therebetween.

20. A self-heated hainwaving device hav ing opposed relatively movablemembers each having hair-waving elements arranged in staggered relationto the element or elements on the other member, and a pair of pads eachhaving a wave-like form and adapted to be applied to theelements of thetwo members respectively. i

21. A hair waving apparatus comprising a base in the form of an open topreceptacle, a wave former carried by said base, a wave former carried bysaid cover and comprising upwardly and downwardly extending corrugationswhich cooperate with the wave former carried by said base, said waveformer having slots therein.

E22. A hair waving apparatus comprising a base, a wave former carried bysaid base and comprising alternate upwardly and downwardly extendingcorrugations, a continuous heater for said base formed into an upper anda lower series of heater elements extending transversely withrespect tosaid base, the upper heating elements being disposed adjacent to andbelow the tops of the corrugations,

a cover for said base and wave forming memberscarried by said cover andcooperating with the wave forming corrugations carried by the base. i

23. A hair waving apparatus comprising a base, an upper series ofheating elements supported by said base, a lower series of heatingelements supported by said base, a cover for said base and wave formingmembers carried;

by said base and cover respectively and-having cooperating upwardly anddownwardly extending corrugations therein, said wave forming membershaving transversely ex tending slots therein. 7 g

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature. v V

SUSANNA COCROFT HEADINGTON.

